Upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) exhibit exceptional luminescent properties, rendering them valuable assets in diverse fields such as bioimaging, sensing, and therapeutics. Nevertheless, the potential toxicological effects of UCNPs necessitate comprehensive investigation to ensure their safe application. This review aims to provide a detailed ana… Read More


Understanding our environment around us hinges on grasping the fundamental principles of atomic arrangement. Every substance is composed of unique atoms organized in specific arrangements. These building blocks interact through chemical reactions, creating entirely new materials. By exploring these events, we can dissect the intricacies of the natu… Read More


Zirconium oxide nanoparticles (nanoparticle systems) are increasingly investigated for their remarkable biomedical applications. This is due to their unique physicochemical properties, including high thermal stability. Experts employ various techniques for the preparation of these nanoparticles, such as combustion method. Characterization technique… Read More